Compiled by Dr. Sheila Jalalat
Highlights: key word associations for boards
Neal Bhatia, MD
Read CME in JAAD every Month
55% of the Boards is Kodachrome based
Minocycline hyperpigmentation- Type 1 is most common and involves areas of previous inflammation and scarring
Minocycline hypersensitivity reaction – hepatitis and facial edema
Minocycline causing Lupus-like drug reaction – +ANA and can have positive P-ANCA
Erythema Dyschromicum Perstans – associated with HLA-DR4 – 65%
Imiquimod may cause apoptosis
Diclofenac – induction of apoptosis by inhibiting Cox-2 expression and thereby indirectly inhibiting PGE2 which normally causes hyperproliferation and angiogenesis
Actinic Keratosis – HPV 21, 23, 28 may be associated which causes resistance of apoptosis
Photodynamic therapy requires oxygen
Soret Band is 417 nm (Blu-Light)
Cao Gio is coin rubbing
Pustular pyogenic granuloma is most associated with IBD
Adam Friedman, MD
10% of the Boards is connected with questions about drugs -usually side effects
DH- associated with DQw2; endomysium antibodies
Dapsone can cause many side effects – HELPPMA (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, leukopenia, G6PD, peripheral neuropathy, methemoglobinemia, aplastic anemia)
Cimetidine helps counteract methemoglobinemia
Histoplasmosis – treat with amphotericin B
Milium on the hard palate – Bohn’s nodules
Milium on the gums – Epstein pearls
Sebaceous hyperplasia occurs in 10-15% of patient on cyclosporine
Rombo syndrome- trichoepitheliomas, vermiculate atrophoderma, BCC, hyptrichosis, milia
Treat Gram negative folliculitis with Accutane
Pityrosporum folliculitis – inflammation caused by free fatty acids formed from Pityrosporum
Vitamin A deficiency – poor night vision, Bitot spots
Focal dermal hypoplasia (Goltz) – coloboma, raspberry papillomas, osteopathia striata
Brushfield spots – Down syndrome
Gardner’s syndrome – osteomas, supernumerary teeth, CHRPE
Pinguecula – does not cross pigmented areas, seen in Gaucher’s syndrome
Osler’s sign – Alkaptonuria
SAPHO syndrome- synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteomyelitis
Hep B in 7-8% of patients with PAN
Hep C – associated with oral erosive type of LP
Hep C- necrolytic acral erythema
Dermatomyositis – pulmonary disease in 15-30% of patients (synthetase syndrome); anti-p155 associated with malignancy
Scleroderma- ventral pterygium
Gonococcemia – treatment ceftriaxone IV
Malignant reticular histiocystosis – xanthelasma in 1/3; 60% arthritis which usually is the first symptom, coral bead lesions along periungual region
Erythromelalgia- distal lower extremities most common site
Scleroderma – dilated vessel – periungual
Nail Patella Syndrome – nephropathy in 40%
Kraurosis Vulvae – Lichen sclerosis et atrophicus- associated with antibodies to ECM-1
Sarcoidosis has an annular subtype
Darier-Roussy type – subcutaneous nodules of sarcoidosis
Heerfordts – sarcoid with uveoparotid involvement
EAC – trailing scale seen in superficial type; can be due to reaction to dermatophyte infection
Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma
DRESS- culprit drugs include allopurinol, aromatic anticonsulvants- phenobarbital, carbamazepine, Dilantin)
DRESS- eosinophilia, increased transaminases
Allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome – 7 weeks after
Linear IgA – autoantibody 97 kD
Sweet’s syndrome – gCSF can cause this
PCT- urine uroporphyrin/coproporphyrin; stool isocoproporphyrin
PCT – increase in Hep C, hemochromatosis C282Y gene
Bullous impetigo- Phage 2 group 71, exfoliative toxin A&B
Trichothiodystrophy – PIBIDS
Melorheostosis- seen in linear morphea
Sima Jain, MD
Carney Complex (LAMB syndrome)- lentigines, adrenocortical disease, myxomas, blue nevi, increase in cortisol level, primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease; psammomatous melanotic schwannoma; AD, PRKAR1A
Peutz-Jeghers- usually involves lower lip, increase in GI adenocarcinoma
Leopard syndrome- lentigines, deafness 25%, MR 30%
Clumped tonofilaments on EM (only in Dowling Meara type EBS); most severe subtype of EBS
JEB- Laminin 5 (332); Herlitz subtype has exuberant granulation tissue
DEB- Cockayne-Torraine subtype with acral involvement
Monsel’s solution – 20% ferric subsulfate
Blastomycosis- conidia resemble lollipops
Histo- skin lesions <10% of patients
Coccidio- <1% skin involvement; barrel shaped arthroconidia
Paracoccidio – perioral, painful lesions
Papillon Lefevre- cathepsin C (lysosomal protease), transgrediens, calcification of falx and tentorium
Polygonal vessels on dermoscopy – Rosacea
Dermatomyositis- enlarged capillaries
Maffucci syndrome- enchondromas (malignant transition to chondrosarcoma (30%), venous malformations
Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus- TIE2 gene (tyrosine kinase activating mutation)
Monilethrix – K81,86
Cowden’s disease – thyroid follicular carcinoma, breast cancer
Anti-Ro Ab mother 3% chance of baby with neonatal lupus
Hair collar sign- look for ectopic neural tissue – do imaging
EDS- type 1 collagen, large joint dislocation- arthroclasia type
EDS- kyphoscoliosis- PLOD defect
Justin Finch, MD
Yaws- T pallidum pertenue
Pinta- T pallidum carateum; skin limited, central and south America, depigmented lesions
Ulcerative colitis on azathioprine- if put on Humira then increase chance of gamma delta T cell lymphoma
EN- trt SSKI (saturated solution of potassium iodide) but can get se of Wolff-Chaikoff effect and get decreased TSH
Blue lunulae- Wilson dz, AZT (Zidovudine), Argyria
Yellow Nail Syndrome- bronchiectasis (40%)
Blue pigmentation – clofazimine which is a trt for leprosy
Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum – Fabry dz, acral pain crises, XLR, alpha galactosidase A, maltese cross in urine, whorl like corneal opacities
Erythrasma – coproporphin 3 produced by C. minutissium – coral red fluorescence
Phorbol ester- Poinsetta
Capsacin – activates TRP receptor
Garlic- thiocyanates
Pineapple – Bromelin
Calcium oxalate- Dumb cane
Ingenol mebutate- from Euphorbia peplus
Dz= disease
Did you enjoy this article? If so, check out more articles and pearls of wisdom here.
