ANSWER: Hyperlipoproteinemia

The correct answer is A. Type I

Correct Answer Explanation

Type I (familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency or apoprotein CII deficiency) hyperlipoproteinemia has increased chylomicrons as a feature, and presents with eruptive xanthomas and lipemia retinalis. For the other hyperlipoproteinemias, the associated lipid abnormalities are as follows: Type IIa — increased LDL; Type IIb — increased LDL and VLDL; Type III — increased IDL; Type IV — increased VLDL. Type V has increased chylomicrons and increased VLDL.

Incorrect Answer Explanation

Severe hypertriglyceridaemia: Type 1 and V is characterized by:

  • Mixed genetic and lifestyle causes
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Familial LPL deficiency
  • Triglycerides > 10 mmol/L
  • Raised total cholesterol
  • Raised chylomicrons
  • Raised VLDL cholesterol

References

Book: Textbook of Dermatology. Ed Rook A, Wilkinson DS, Ebling FJB, Champion RH, Burton JL. Fourth edition. Blackwell Scientific Publications. Chapter 92: Xanthomas. William Trent Massengale. Dermatology, 4th edition. Pg. 1634.